Rendering Dynamic Web Pages Views and Templates for Django.
Views: Firstly, Views are Python functions or classes that handle requests and return responses. In a Django view, you typically fetch data from a database or perform other necessary operations and then pass that data to a template for rendering. Views are defined in the views.py file of your Django app.
Example of a simple view function:
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Product
def product_list(request):
products = Product.objects.all()
return render(request, 'products/product_list.html', {'products': products})
In this example, product_list is a view function that queries all products from the database and passes them to a template called product_list.html.
Templates: Templates are HTML files that contain placeholders and template tags. These placeholders are replaced with actual data when the template is rendered. Django uses its own templating language which allows for dynamic rendering of content.
Example of a template (product_list.html):
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Product List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Product List</h1>
<ul>
{% for product in products %}
<li>{{ product.name }} - ${{ product.price }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Now, in this template, {% for product in products %} iterates over the list of products passed from the view, and {{ product.name }} and {{ product.price }} display the name and price of each product respectively.
Rendering: So, The render() function is used in views to render a template with context data. It takes the request object, template name, and a dictionary of data to be passed to the template.
In the product_list view function above, render() is used to render the product_list.html template with the list of products ({'products': products}) as context data.
URLs: To access a view, you need to map a URL to that view. This is done using URL patterns defined in the urls.py file of your Django app.
Example of a URL pattern:
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('products/', views.product_list, name='product_list'),
]
In this example, the URL pattern /products/ is mapped to the product_list view.
When a user visits the /products/ URL, Django will invoke the product_list view, which will fetch the list of products from the database and pass them to the product_list.html template for rendering. Finally, the rendered HTML will be sent back to the user’s browser.
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